- Từ
Ngữ Phật Học Việt-Anh
- Ấn
bản Internet 2001
T
(tiếp theo)
Thất
thánh tài. Saptadhana (S).Tín, faith; Giới, observance of the commandments; Tàm,
shame (for self); Quí, shame (for others); Đa văn, hearing instruction; Trí tuệ,
wisdom; Xả li, renunciation.
Thất thắng
sự. The seven surpassing qualities of a Buddha. Also thất chủng vô thượng.
They are his body or person, his universal law, wisdom, perfection, destination (nirvàna),
ineffable truth, and deliverance.
Thất thất.
The period of forty nine days after death, when masses are said every seventh day till the
seventh seventh day.
Thất thập.
Saptati (S). Seventy.
Thất thập
ngũ. Pancasaptati (S). Seventy-five.
Thất thập
ngũ pháp. The seventy-five dharmas of the Abhidharma-Kosa, which classifies all
phenomena under seventy-five categories, or elements, divided into five groups: (1) Sắc
pháp rùpani, material, 11; (2) Tâm pháp cittam, mind,1; (3) Tâm sở hữu pháp,
citta-samprayuktasamskàràh, mental qualities, 46; (4) Tâm bất tương ưng hành
pháp citta-vipravuktasamskàrah, non mental, 14; (5) Vô vi pháp asamskrta, non
phenomenal elements, 3.
Thất thập
tam tôn. The "Diamond world" mandala, or pantheon, of the esoteric sect,
containing seventy three honoured ones.
Thất thiện.
The seven excellences claimed for the Buddha's teaching: good in its thời timing or
seasonableness, nghĩa meaning, ngữ expression, độc pháp uniqueness, cụ túc
completeness, thanh tịnh điều nhu pure adaptability, and phạm hạnh its noble
objective, nirvàna.
Thất
tình. The seven emotions: hỉ pleasure; nộ anger; ái love; ố hate; ai sorrow; dục
desire; lạc joy.
Thất
tông. The seven Japanese sects of Luật Ritsu (J), Pháp tướng Hossò, Tam luận
Sanron, Hoa nghiêm Kegon, Thiên thai Tendai, Chân ngôn Shingon, and Thiền Zen.
Thất
trí. The seven knowins - to know the Law, its meaning, the times for all duties,
moderation, oneself, the different classes of people, and people as individual.
Thật.
Real, true, honest, sincere; solid; fixed; full; to fill; fruit, kernel, effects; verily,
in fact; it is used for chân as in chân thật the supreme fact, or ultimate reality;
also for bhùta.
Thật
báo độ. The land of Buddha-reward in Reality free from all barriers, that of the
bodhisattva, the third of the four lands of Thiên Thai. A Buddha ksetra.
Thật đại
thừa giáo. The real Mahàyàna, freed from temporal, relative or expedient ideas;
the Thiên Thai, Hoa Nghiêm, Thiền, Chân ngôn schools claim to be such.
Thật đạo.
The true way, the true religion, absolute Buddha-truth.
Thật đế.
A truth; the true statement of a fundamental principle.
Thật giáo.
The teaching of Reality; also the real, or reliable teaching.
Thật
hóa. The real or noumenal Buddha as contrasted with quyền hóa the temporal or
phenomenal Buddha; the thật hóa nhị thân are his báo thân sambhogakàya and his
hóa thân nirmànakàya.
Thật
không. Absolute sùnya, or vacuity; all things being produced by cause and
environment are unreal.
Thật
kinh. The true sùtra as contrasted to the relative or temporary sùtras, a term of
the Lotus school.
Thật
ngã. The true ego, in contrast with giả ngã phenomenal ego.
Thật ngữ.
True, or reliable words; words corresponding to reality; discussions of Reality.
Thật
nhãn. An eye able to discern reality, i.e. the Buddha-eye.
Thật sắc
thân. The real Buddha-body, or his sambhogakàya in contrast with his nirmànakàya.
Thật
tính. Real nature, or essence, i.e. the chân như bhùtatathatà.
Thật tế.
The region of Reality.
Thật tế
lí địa. The noumenal universe, the bhùtatathatà.
Thật tướng.
Reality, in contrast with hư vọng; absolute fundamental reality, the ultimate, the
absolute; the pháp thân dhamakàya, or chân như bhùtatathatà. Other terms are nhất
thật, nhất như, nhất tướng, vô tướng, pháp chứng, niết bàn, vô vi,
chân đế, chân tính, chân không, thật tính, thật đế, thật tế.
Thật tướng
ấn. The seal or witness of reality, which is passed on from Buddha to Buddha.
Thật tướng
quán. Insight into, or meditation on Reality.
Thật tướng
trí thân. The body of absolute, knowledge or of complete knowledge of reality, i.e.
that of Vairocana.
Thật tướng
tuệ. Wisdom in regard to reality.
Thật tướng
pháp giới. The first half is a Lotus sùtra term for Reality, the latter half a Hoa
Nghiêm term for the same.
Thật tướng
tam muội. The samàdhi of reality, in which the unreality of the phenomenal is
realized.
Thật tướng
vô tướng. Reality is Nullity, i.e. is devoid of phenomenal characteristics,
unconditioned.
Thật trí.
The knowledge or wisdom of Reality in contrast with quyền trí knowledge of the
relative.
Thật xoa
nan đà. Siksànanda (S). A sramana of Kustana (Khotan) who in A.D. 695 introduced a
new alphabet into China and translated nineteen works.
Thế.
Yuga (S). An age, 1,000th part of a kalpa. Loka (S). The world.
Thế anh.
World hero, like Buddha. Also Thế hùng.
Thế đại.
A generation, a life time; the world.
Thế đế.
Ordinary or worldly truth, opposite to Chân đế truth in reality. Also Tục đế, Thế
tục đế.
Thế đệ
nhất pháp. The highest of the Tứ gia hạnh vị.
Thế điển.
Non-Buddhist classical works.
Thế
gian. The world; in the world; the finite impermanent world. Also Thế giới..
Thế gian
giải. Lokavid (S). Knower of the World, one of the ten titles of a Buddha.
Thế gian
nhãn. The Eye of the world, the eyes that see for all men. Worldly or ordinary eyes.
Also Thế nhãn.
Thế gian
pháp. The world-law, or law of this world, especially of birth and death.
Thế gian
thừa. The Vehicle, or teaching for the attainment of good fruit in the present life,
in contrast with Xuất thế gian thừa that for attainment in lives outside this world.
Thế gian
trí. Wordly knowledge.
Thế gian
tướng thường trụ. World-forms, systems, or states are eternal (as existing in
the Absolute, the chân như).
Thế giới.
Loka (S). The finite world, the world, a world, which is of two kinds: (1) Chúng sinh thế
giới, that of the living, who are receiving their chính báo correct recompense of
karma; (2) Khí thế giới, that of the material, or that on which karma depends for
expression.
Thế giới
chủ. The lord, or ruler over a world or dhyàna heaven, one for each of the four
dhyàna heavens.
Thế giới
tất đàn. One of the four siddhantas; the Buddha's line of reasoning in earthly or
common terms to draw men to the higher truth.
Thế Hữu.
Vasumitra (S).
Thế luận.
Wordly discussions; ordinary unenlghtened ways of description or definition; also styled
ác luận evil discussions, especially when applied to the hedonistic Lokàyatika
teachings.
Thế
nhãn. Xem thế gian nhãn.
Thế
pháp. Common or ordinary dharmas.
Thế
Tôn. Lokajyestha (S). World's most Venerable, World's Honoured One. World-honoured,
an epithet of all Buddhas.
Thế
Thân. Vasubhandu (S). Also Thiên Thân.
Thế thế
sinh sinh. Transmigration after transmigration in the six stages of mortal existence.
Thế
thiên. The Lord of the world, Brahmà Phạm thiên; Mahesvara Đại tự tại thiên;
The four mahàrajàs tứ đại thiên vương. Also thế chủ.
Thế trí.
Xem thế tục trí.
Thế trí
biện thông. Worldly eloquent.
Thế chí
Bồ tát. Xem Đại thế chí Bồ tát.
Thế
phát. Mundaka, munda (S). To shave the hair, following Sàkyamuni, who cut off his
locks with a sharp sword to signify his cutting himself off the world. Also Thế trừ tu
phát, Cắt tóc cạo râu.
Thế tục.
Laukika (S). Common or ordinary things, custom, experiences, common or wordly ways (or
views).
Thế tục
trí. Ordinary, or worldly knowledge, or wisdom.
Thế Tự
tại Vương. Lokesvararàja (S). A Buddha under whom Amitàbha, in a previous
existence, entered into the ascetic life and made his forty-eight vows.
Thế y.
He on whom the world relies - Buddha.
Thệ đa
lâm. Jetavana (S)
Thệ nguyện.
Pranidhàna (S). Vow.
Thi. A
corpse; to manage.
Thi ba la
mật. Sìlapàramità (S) Morality, the second of the pàramitàs.
Thi Ca La
Việt. Sigàlovada (P).
Thi Ca La
Việt kinh. Sigàlovada-sutta (P). Also Thiện sinh kinh.
Thi Khí.
Sikkhin (S). (1) The 999th Buddha of the last kalpa, whom Sàkyamuni is said to have met.
(2) The second of the seven Buddhas of antiquity.
Thi la.
Sìla (S). Restraint, or keeping the commandments. The second pàramità, moral purity.
Thi la Ba
la mật. Xem Thi ba la mật.
Thi la bí
đà la. Silabhadra (S). Also Giới Hiền luận sư.
Thi la
thanh tịnh. Moral purity, essential to enter into samàdhi
Thi lợi.
Sri (S). Also sư lợi, thất lợi, thất li, tu lợi; (1) Fortune, prosperity; high
rank, success, good fortune, virtues. (2) The wife of Visnu. (3) An honorific prefix or
affix to names of gods, great men, and books. (4) An exclamation at the head of liturgies.
(5) An abbreviation for Manjusri.
Thí.
Dàna (S). Alms; charity. To give, grant, bestow, to distribute. Also thi.
Thí ân.
To grant s.o. a favour; to do s.o. a kindness. Thi ân bất cầu báo to do good for its
own sake.
Thí ba la
mật. Dàna-pàramità (S).
Thí chủ.
Dànapati (S). An almsgiver, a benefactor, a patron of Buddhism.
Thí hóa.
To bestow the transforming truth.
Thí
pháp. To dispense the Buddha's teachings.
Thí tăng.
To give alms to monks.
Thí thực.
To bestow food.
Thí vô
úy. Abhayandada (S). The bestower of fearlessness, a tittle of Quán Âm.
Thị.
To indicate, notify, proclaim.
Thị đạo.
To indicate the Way.
Thị giáo.
To point out and instruct.
Thị hiện.
To appear, to manifest
Thị tịch.
To indicate the way of nirvàna.
Thị giả.
A senior bonze's attendant.
Thích.
To separate out, set free, unloose, explain; Buddhism, Buddhist.
Thích Ca
Mâu Ni. Sàkyamuni (S)
Thích
chúng. Buddhist.
Thích chủng.
Sàkya-seed; the Sàkya clan; the disciples of Sàkyamuni, especially monks and nuns.
Thích đề
hoàn nhân. Sakro-devànàmindra (S). Sakra the Indra of the devas, the sky-god, the
god of the nature-gods, ruler of the thirty tree heavens, a deva protector of Buddhism.
Thích điển.
The scriptures of Buddhism.
Thích
gia. The Sàkya family, i.e. the expounders of Buddhist sùtras and scriptures.
Thích
giáo. Buddhism.
Thích luận.
The Pràjna-pàramità-sùtra; also explanatory discussions, or notes on foundation
treatises.
Thích Ma
Nam. Sàkya-Mahanama-Kulika (S). One of the first five of the Buddha's disciples.
Thích
môn. The school of Sàkyamuni, Buddhism.
Thích
nghi. Explanation of doubtful points, solution of doubts.
Thích nữ.
The woman of the Sàkya clan.
Thích tử.
Sàkyaputrìya (S). Sons of Sàkyamuni, i.e. his disciples in general.
Thích Phạm
Hộ Thế. Indra and Brahma, both protectors of Buddhism.
Thiên.
Heaven; the sky; a day. A deva or divine being, deity. Tam chủng thiên, the three
classes of devas: (1) Danh thiên, famous rulers on earth styled thiên vương, thiên tử;
(2) Sinh thiên, the highest incarnations of the six paths; (3) Tịnh thiên, the pure,
or the saints, from sravakas to pratyekabuddhas. The four classes of devas include
(1),(2),(3) above and (4) Nghĩa thiên, all bodhisattvas above the ten stages thập trụ.
Đệ nhất nghĩa thiên: a supreme heaven with bodhisattvas and Buddhas in eternal
immutability.
Thiên bộ.
The classes of devas; the host of devas, the host of heaven.
Thiên bộ
thiện thần. Brahmà, Indra, the Four Devaloka-ràjas, and the other spirit
guardians of Buddhism.
Thiên
cái. A Buddha's canopy, or umbrella; a nimbus of rays of light, a halo.
Thiên
chân. Bhùtatathatà (S). Permanent reality underlying all phenomena, pure and
unchanging. e.g. the sea in contrast with the waves; nature, the natural.
Thiên
chân Phật. The real or ultimate Buddha.
Thiên
chúng. The host of heaven, Brahma, Indra, and all their host.
Thiên chủ.
Devapati (S). The Lord of devas, a tittle of Indra.
Thiên cổ.
The divine drum in the Thiện pháp đường Good Law Hall of the Trayas-trimsas
heavens, which sounds of itself, warning the inhabitants of the thirty three heavens that
even their life is impermanent and subject to karma; at the sound of the drum Indra
preaches against excess.
Thiên cơ.
Natural capacity; the nature bestowed by Heaven.
Thiên
cung. Devapura, devaloka (S). The palace of devas, the abode of the gods.
Thiên
cung bảo tạng. A library of the sùtras. The treasury of all the sùtras in the
Tusita Heaven in Maitreya's palace. Another collection is said to be in the Long cung or
Dragon's palace, but is associated with Nagàrjuna.
Thiên đài
tông. Tendai-shu (J). Xem Thiên Thai.
Thiên đại
tướng quân. Deva-guardian.
Thiên đạo.
Devagati, devasopàna (S). The highest of the six paths lục đạo, the realm of devas,
i.e. the eighteen heavens of form and four of formlessness. A place of enjoyment but not a
place of progress toward bodhisattva perfection.
Thiên đế.
King, or Emperor of Heaven, i.e. Nhân đà la Indra, Đế Thích Sakra king of the
devaloka.
Thiên
đường. The mansions of the devas, located between the earth and the Brahmalokas;
the heavenly halls; heaven.
Thiên
đường địa ngục. The heavens and the hells, places of reward or punishment for
moral conduct.
Thiên hạnh.
A bodhisattva's natural or spontaneous correspondence with fundamental law; one of the ngũ
hạnh of the Niết Bàn kinh.
Thiên hạ.
The world; here below; on earth.
Thiên
hoa. Divine flowers, stated in the Lotus sùtra as of four kinds, mạn đà la
mandàras, ma ha mạn đà la mahàmandàras, mạn thù sa manjùsakas, ma ha mạn thù
sa mahàmanjùsakas, the first two white, the last two red.
Thiên hương.
Deva incense, divine or excellent incense.
Thiên
long. Devas, including Brahmà, Indra, and the devas, together with the nàgas.
Thiên
long bát bộ. Devas, nàgas and others of the eight classes: thiên, devas; long,
nàgas; dạ xoa, yaksas; càn thát bà, gandharas; a tu la, asuras; ca lâu la, garudas;
khẩn na la, kinnaras; ma hầu la già, mahoragas.
Thiên ma.
Deva Màra (S). One of the four màras tứ ma who dwells in the sixth heaven,
Paranirmita-vasa-vartin, at the top of the Kàmadhàtu, with his inumerable host , whence
he constantly obstruct the Buddha truth and its followers. He is also styled Sát giả
the slayer; also Ba tuần explained by ác ái sinful love or desire as he sends his
daughters to seduce the saints.
Thiên ma
ngoại đạo. Màras and heretics.
Thiên ngữ.
The deva language, i.e. that of the Brahman, Sanskrit.
Thiên nhạc.
Heavenly music, the music of the inhabitants of the heavens.
Thiên
nhãn. Divyacaksus (S). The deva-eye; the first of abhijnà lục thông; one of the
five classes of eyes; divine sight unlimited vision; all things are open to it, large and
small, near and distant, the destiny of all beings in future rebirths.
Thiên
nhãn lực. The power of the celestial or deva eye, one of the ten powers of a
Buddha.
Thiên
nhãn minh. One of the three enlightenments tam minh, or clear vision of the saints,
which enables him to know the future rebirths of himselfand all beings.
Thiên
nhãn thông.Diviyacaksu (S). Divine eye.
Thiên
nhãn trí thông nguyện. The sixth of Amitàbha's forty eight vows, that he would
not enter the final stage until all beings had obtained this divine vision.
Thiên
nhãn trí. The wisdom obtained by the deava eye.
Thiên
nhãn trí chứng thông. The complete universal knowledge and assurance of the deva
eye.
Thiên
nhân. Devas and men.
Thiên
nhân sư. Sasta Devamanusyànàm (S). Teacher of devas and men, one of the ten
epithet of a Buddha.
Thiên nữ.
Devakanyà, apsaras (S). Goddess in general.
Thiên nhĩ.
Divyasrotra (S). Deva ear, divine ear; celestial ear.
Thiên nhĩ
thông. The second of the abhijnàs lục thông, by which devas in the form-world,
certain arhats through the fourth dhyàna, and others can hear all sounds and understand
all languages in the realm of form, with resulting wisdom.
Thiên nhĩ
trí chứng thông. The complete universal knowledge and assurance of the deva ear.
Thiên nhĩ
trí thông nguyện. The seventh of the forty eight vows of Amitàbha, not to become
Buddha until all obtained the divine ear.
Thiên sứ.
Divine messengers, especially those of Yama; also his tam thiên sứ old age, sickness
and death.
Thiên
Thai đại sư. The actual founder of the Thiên Thai school, Trí Khải.
Thiên
Thai tông. The T'ien T'ai or Tendai sect đounded by Trí Khải. It bases its tenets
on the Lotus sùtra.
Thiên
Thai Trí Giả. Trí Khải, his tự is Đức An and his surname is Trần, AD
538-597. Studying under Huệ Tư, he was greatly influenced by his teaching; and found in
the Lotus sùtra, the real interpretation of Mahàyànism. In 575 he first came to Thiên
Thai Sơn or Heavenly Terrace mountain and establish his school, which in turn was the
foundation of important Buddhist shools in Korea and Japan.
Thiên
Thân. Vasubandhu, younger brother of Asanga, wrote Câu Xá Luận, Duy Thức Luận,
etc. He was the twenty first Indian patriarch.
Thiên thần.
Deva, Devatà (S). (1) Brahmà and the gods in genaral, including the inhabitants of the
devalokas, all sbject to metempsychosis; (2) The fifteenth patriarch, disciple of
Nàgàrjuna, also styled Devabodhisattva Đề Bà Bồ tát, Aryadeva Thánh Thiên and
Nilanetra Thanh Mục blue eyed.
Thiên thần
địa kì. The spirits Thiên thần are Indra and his retenue; devas in general; and
Địa kì are the earth spirits, nàgas, demons, ghosts, etc.
Thiên thụ
vương. The pàrijàta tree ba lợi chất đa, which grows in front of Indra's
palace - the king among the heavenly tree.
Thiên thực.
Sudhà (S). Food of the gods, sweet dew, ambrosia, nectar.
Thiên thừa
(thặng). Devayàna (S). The deva vehicle, one of the five vehicles. It transports
observers of the ten good qualities thập thiện to one ođ the six deva realms of
desire.
Thiên thượng.
The heavens above.
Thiên thượng
thiên hạ duy ngã độc tôn. The first words attributed to Sàkyamuni after his
first seven steps when born from his mother's right side: "In the heavens above and
(earth) beneath I alone is the honoured one." This announcement is ascribed to every
Buddha.
Thiên
tiên. Deva-rsis (S). Immortals.
Thiên
trung thiên. Devàtideva (S). Deva of devas, the name given to Siddhartha when, on
his presentation in the temple of Thiên Vương Mahesvara (Siva), the statues of all the
gods prostrated themselves before him.
Thiên
trúc. India.
Thiên
tôn. The most honoured among devas, a tittle of a Buddha, i.e. the highest of divine
beings.
Thiên từ.
Devàlaya, Devatàgàra (S). Brahminical temples.
Thiên tử.
A son of Heavens, the Emperor-Princes.
Thiên vương.
Maharàja devas (S). Tứ thiên vương, Catur-mahàràja, The four deva kings in the
first or lowest devakoka, on its four sides. East Trì quốc Thiên vương Dhrtaràstra;
South Tăng trưởng Thiên vương, Virùdhaka; West Quảng mục
Thiên vương.
Virùpaksa; North Đa văn Thiên vương, Dhanada, or Vaisravana, as guardians of the
monasteries, where their images are seen in the hall at the entrance, which is sometimes
called Thiên vương đường, hall of the deva kings.
Thiên vương
Như lai. Deva-ràja Tathàgata (S). The name by which Devadatta, the enemy of
Sàkyamuni, will be known on his future appearance as a Buddha in the universe called
Thiên Đạo Devasopàna.
Thiên y.
Deva garments of extreme lightness.
Thiên thủ
thiên nhãn Quán thế âm. Sahasrabhùjàriy-Avalokitesvara (S). Avalokitesvara
with a thousand hands and a thousand eyes.
Thiền.
To level a place for an altar, to sacrifice to the hills and mountains; to abdicate.
Adopted by Buddhists for dhyàna thiền na, i.e. meditation, abstraction, trance. Dhyàna
is "meditation, thought, reflection, especially profound and abstract religious
contemplation". It was intp. as "getting rid of evil" , etc., later as tĩnh
lự quiet meditation. It is a form of Định but that word is more closely allied with
samàdhi.
Thiền ba
la mật. Dhyàna-paramita (S). Perfection of the meditation.
Thiền bệnh.
The ills of meditation, i.e. wandewing thoughts, illusions. The illusions and nervous
troubles of the mystic.
Thiền cư.
A meditation abode; to dwell in meditation; a hermitage; a hermit monk.
Thiền
duyệt. Joy of the mystic trance; joy derived from meditation.
Thiền
duyệt thực. Nourishing powers from meditation.
Thiền định.
One of the six pàramitàs. There are numerous methods and subjects of meditation. Thiền
is dhyàna, Định is an interpretation of samàdhi. Thiền is one element of định,
which covers the whole ground of meditation, concentration abstraction, reaching to the
ultimate beyond emotion or thinking.
Thiền độ.
Dhyana-paramita (S). Xem thiền ba la mật.
Thiền
đường. Meditation hall of Thiền tông. A common name of the monastic hall.
Thiền
giáo. The teaching of Thiền tông. Also thiền the esoteric tradition and giáo
the teaching of the scriptures.
Thiền
hà. The dhyàna river.
Thiền
hành. The methods employed in meditation; the practices or discipline of Thiền
tông. Zen sect.Walking meditation.
Thiền
hóa. The transforming character of Thiền.
Thiền học.
Zen study.
Thiền lạc.
Joy and peace of the abstract meditation.
Thiền
lâm. Grove of meditation, i.e. a monastery. Monasteries are numerous as trees in a
forest.
Thiền lục.
The records of Thiền tông.
Thiền lữ.
Fellow-meditators; fellow-monks.
Thiền
môn. The meditative method in general. The intuitional school established in China by
Bodhidharma.
Thiến
môn ngũ tông. Five Ch'an schools: Lâm tế, Qui ngưỡng, Vân môn, Pháp nhãn
and Tào động.
Thiền môn
qui củ. The monastic routine.
Thiền
na. Dhyàna (S). Abstract contemplation.
Thiền Phạm
Thiên. The three Brahmaloka heavens of the first dhyàna.
Thiền
pháp. Methods of meditation.
Thiền
quyền. The meditation fist (musti), the sign of meditation shown by the left fist,
the right indicating wisdom.
Thiền
quán. Dhyàna-contemplation.
Thiền sư.
A master, or teacher, of meditation, or of Thiền tông.
Thiền
tam muội. Dhyàna and samàdhi, dhyàna considered as tư duy meditating, samàdhi
as định abstraction.
Thiền
tăng. A monk of Thiền tông Ch'an sect; a monk in meditation.
Thiền
tâm. The mind in a state of abstraction.
Thiền tập.
The practice of meditation; the practice of religion through the mystic trance.
Thiền thất.
Meditation hall or room; other similar terms are thiền quán, thiền phòng, thiền viện,
thiền đường, thiền cư.
Thiền
tĩnh. Meditation and quietness.
Thiền tông.
Zen Buddhism.
Thiền tuệ.
Dhyàna and Wisdom.
Thiền tủy.
The marrow of meditation - a term for the Lankavatara sùtra.
Thiền tọa.
To sit cross-legged in meditation.
Thiền
tông. The Ch'an, meditative or intuitional sect, usually said to have been
established in China by Bodhidharma, the twenty eighth patriarch, who brought the
tradition of the Buddha-mind from India. This sect, believing in direct enlightenment,
disregarded ritual and sùtras and depended upon the inner light and personal influence
for the propagation of its tenets.
Thiền
tông ngữ lục. Records of the Zen sect.
Thiền
thiên. Dhyàna heavens, four in numbers. where those who practise meditation may be
reborn.
Thiền
trí. Meditation and wisdom.
Thiền trượng.
A staff or pole for touching those who fall asleep while assembled in meditation. Bonze's
crosier.
Thiền vị.
Meditation flavour; the mysterious taste or sensation experienced by one who enters
abstract mediatation.
Thiện.
Su, sàdhu, bhadra, kusala (S). Good, virtuous, well; good at; skilful.
Thiện
ác. Good and evil; good, inter alia, is defined as thuận lí to accord with the
right, evil as nghịch lí to disobey the right.
Thiện bản.
Good stock, or roots, planting good seed or roots; good in the root of enlightenment.
Thiện căn.
Kusala-mùla (S). Good roots, good qualities, good seed sown by a good life to be reaped
later.
Thiện đạo.
Good way, good direction.
Thiện đức.
Morality, virtue.
Thiện giả
thiện báo. A good turn deserves another.
Thiện
Giác Vương. King Suppabuddha, father of the princess Yasodhara.
Thiện hạnh.
Good deed, virtuous act.
Thiện Hỉ.
Upananda (S). Name
Thiện Hiền.
Subhadra (S). The last disciple of the Buddha. Also Tu bạt đà la.
Thiện Hiện.
Well-appearing, name of Subhùti.
Thiện hiện
thiên. Sudrsa (S). The seventh Brahmaloka; the eighth region of the fourth dhyàna.
Thiện hữu.
Kalyànamitra (S). A friend of virtue, a religious counseller; a friend in the good life,
or one who stimulates to goodness.
Thiện Kiến.
Sudarsana (S). Good to see, good for seeing, belle vue, etc. Another name of A xà thế
Ajatasatru.
Thiện Kiến
thiên. Sudarsana (S). A heaven of the fourth dhyàna in the Realm of Form.
Thiện kiếp.
Bhadrakalpa (S). A good kalpa, especially that in which we now live.
Thiện
lai. Svàgata, susvàgata (S). "Welcome"; well come, a title of Buddha.
Thiện
nam. Xem Ưu bà tắc.
Thiện
nam tử. Good sons, or sons of good families. one of the Buddha's term of address to
his disciples, somewhat resembling "gentlemen".
Thiện
nam tín nữ. Good men and believing women.
Thiện
nghiệp. Punyakarma (S). Meritorious action. Also Nghiệp lành.
Thiện
ngôn. Good word.
Thiện
Nha. Sudàna (S). A former name of the Buddha. Also Tô đạt nã.
Thiện
nhân. A good man, especially one who believes in Buddhist ideas of causality and
lives a good life.
Thiện
nhân. Good causation, i.e. a good cause for a good effect.
Thiện nữ.
Xem Ưu bà di.
Thiện
pháp. Kusala-dharma (S). Meritorious action, good dharma.
Thiện quả.
Good fruit from thiện nhân; good fortune in life resulting from previous goodness.
Thiện
Sinh. Sujàta (S). Well born, of high birth. Also Susambhava, a former incarnation of
Sàkyamuni.
Thiện
Sinh kinh. Sigàlovàda-sutta (P). Name of a sùtra. Also Thi ca la việt kinh.
Thiện
tai. Sàdhu (S). Good! Excellent!
Thiện
Tài Đồng tử. Sudhana (S). A disciple mentioned in the Hoa Nghiêm Kinh.
Thiện
tâm. A good heart, or mind.
Thiện
Thí. Sudatta (S). Name. Also Tô đạt đa.
Thiện tính.
Good nature, good in nature, or in fundamental quality.
Thiện thần.
The good devas, or spirits, who protect Buddhism.
Thiện
thệ. Sugata (S).
Well departed, gone as he should go; a tittle of Buddha.
Thiện
tri. Vibhàvana (S). Clear and deep understanding.
Thiện
tri thức. A good friend or intimate, one well known and intimate.
Thiện tuệ
địa. Sàdhumati (S)
Thiện
tú (túc). Abiding in goodness, disciples who keep eight commandments, upavasatha,
posadha.
Thiện
vô lậu pháp. Kusalanàsravàh (S). Good things free from evil flowings
Thiện
Vô úy. Subhàkarasimha (S). A famous Indian monk, came to China in 716 to propagate
the Esoteric Buddhism.
Thiện xảo.
Clever, skilful, adroit, apt.
Thiện xứ.
Good abode, realm.
Thiết vi
sơn. The great circular iron enclosure.
Thiệt.
Jihvà (S). The tongue.
Thiệt căn.
The organ of taste.
Thiệt thức.
Tongue-perception.
Thiệt
tướng. The broad, long tongue of a Buddha, one of the thirty two physical signs.
Thiếu lâm
tự. Shao lin (C). The monastery at Thiếu thất, where Bodhidharma sat with his
face to a wall for nine years.
Thiếu thất.
Shao-shih (C). A hill on the Tung Sơn where Bodhidharma set up his Thiếu lâm tự.
Thiếu thất
lục môn. Six brief treatises attributed to Bodhidharma.
Thiểu.
Few.
Thiểu dục
tri túc. Content with few desires.
Thiểu
quang thiên. Parittàbha (P). A heaven.
Thiểu tịnh
thiên. Parittasubhas (S). The first and smallest heaven in the third dhyàna region
of form.
Thính.
To hear, listen, hearken; listen to, obey.
Thính
giáo. Those who hear the Buddha's doctrine; those who obey.
Thính
kinh. To hear the recitation of the scripture.
Thọ mệnh.
Jìvita (S). Span of life, life.
Thoái.
Retire, withdraw, backslide, recede, yield.
Thoái
chuyển. To withdraw and turn back i.e. from any position attained.
Thoái đại.
To backslide from Mahàyàna (and revert to Hìnayàna)
Thoái định.
To backslide from meditation.
Thoái một.
To be reborn in a lower stage of existence.
Thoái sơ
tâm. To recede the initial mind.
Thoại đầu.
Xem công án.
Thoát khỏi.
Vivarjana (S). Abandoning, abstainimg from.
Thô.
Sthàla (S). Coarse, rough, crude, unrefined, immature.
Thô ác
ngữ. Coarse, evil, slanderous language
Thô ác
uyển. The rough and evil park, one of Indra's four parks, that of armaments and war.
Thô
ngôn. Coarse, crude, rough, immature words or talk.
Thô ngữ.
Coarse language.
Thô tướng.
The six grosser or cruder form of enlightenment or ignorance mentioned in the Khởi tín
luận in contrast with its three finer forms.
Thô
nhân. The immature man of Hìnayàna, who has a rough foundation, in contrast with
the mature or refined tế nhân man of Mahàyàna. Thiên Thai Tông applied thô to the
Tạng, Thông, Biệt schools, reseving tế for the Viên school.
Thô tướng.
Crude appearance, unrefined manifestation.
Thố giác.
Sasa-visàna (S). A rabbit's horns, i.e. the non existent; all phenomena are as unreal as
a rabbit's horns.
Thốc.
Bald. Thốc cư sĩ. Thốc nhân. A monk, sometimes used as a term of abuse.
Thông.
Permeate, pass through, pervade; perceive; know thoroughly; communicate; current; free;
without hindrance, unimpeded, universal, e.g. thần thông supernatural, ubiquitous
powers. There are categories of ngũ thông, lục thông and thập thông, all referring
to supernatural powers.
Thông biệt
nhị tự. The general and specific introduction to a sùtra; như thị ngã văn
being the thông tự general introduction in every sùtra.
Thông đạt.
To pervade, perceive; unimpeded, universal.
Thông đạt
tâm. To attain to the enlightened mind; the stage of one who has passed through the
novitiate and understand the truth.
Thông
giáo. Thiên Thai classified Buddhist schools into four periods tạng, thông, biệt,
and viên. The tạng pitaka school was that of Hìnayàna. The thông interrelated or
intermediate school, was the first stage of Mahàyàna, having in it elements of all the
three vehicles. The biệt is separate, or differentiated Mahàyàna teaching. The viên
is full-orbed, complete, or perfect Mahàyàna. The Thông Giáo held the doctrine of the
Void, but had not arrived at the doctrine of the Mean.
Thông
hành. The thoroughfare, or path which leads to nirvàna.
Thông
hóa. Perpicacious, or influential teaching; universal powers of teaching.
Thông hoặc.
The two all-pervading deluders kiến and tư, seeing and thinking wrongly, i.e. taking
appearance for reality.
Thông huyền.
To see through the mysteries (of nature, etc.)
Thông lợi.
Intelligence keen as a blade, able to penetrate truth.
Thông lực.
The capacity to employ supernatural powers without hindrance. Buddhas, bodhisattvas, etc.,
have thần lực spiritual or transcendent power; demons have nghiệp lực power
acquired through their karma.
Thông
minh tuệ. The six thông, three minh and three tuệ.
Thông tuệ.
Supernatural powers and wisdom, the former being based on the latter.
Thờ phụng.
Apacàyana (P). Worship, reverence. Also Kính lễ.
Thời
gian. Kala (S). Time. Also Thật thời.
Thời
luân giáo. Kàlacakra-Tantra (S). Name of a sect.
Thời tiết.
Samaya (S). Time, Season. Also Giả thời.
Thù.
To kill, exterminate; different; very.
Thù diệu
thân. Surpassingly wonderful body, i.e. Padmottara, the 729th Buddha of the present
kalpa.
Thù đặc.
Particular, very special.
Thù thắng.
Rare, extraordinary, surpassing, as the thù thắng điện and trì surpassing palace
and lake of Indra.
Thủ.
Head.
Thủ đà.
Sùdra (S). The fourth of the four castes, peasants.
Thủ đồ
đà na. Suddhodana (S). Xem Tịnh Phạn Vương.
Thủ hộ
đại thiên quốc độ kinh. Mahàsahasrapramardana (S). Name of a sùtra.
Thủ lăng
già ma. Surangama (S). Also Thủ lăng nghiêm.
Thủ lăng
nghiêm. Suramgama (S). Heroic, resolute; the virtue or power which enables a Buddha
to overcome every obstacle, obtained in the Thủ lăng nghiêm định or tam muội.
Thủ
lăng nghiêm định. Suramgama dhyàna or samàdhi.
Thủ lăng
Nghiêm kinh. Suramgama-sùtra (S).
Thủ lăng
nghiêm tam muội. Xem thủ lăng nghiêm định.
Thủ tọa.
The chief seat, president, chief.
Thủ.
Upàdàna (S). To grasp, hold on to, held by, be attached to, love; used as indicating
both ái love or desire and phiền não the vexing passions and illusions. It is one of
the twelve nidànas thập nhị nhân duyên the grasping at or holding on to
self-existence and things.
Thủ ấn.
Mudràhasta (S). Mystic positions of the hand (to make a seal).
Thủ khẩu
ý tương ưng. In Yoga practices, it means correspondance of hand, mouth, and mind,
i.e. manual signs, esoteric words, and thought or mental projection.
Thủ kim
cương chử. Vajrapàni (S). Who holds the thunderbolt. Also Cầm chày kim cương.
Thủ trước,
To grasp, hold on to, or be held by any thing or idea.
Thủ tướng.
The state of holding to the illusions of life as realities,
Thủ tướng
sám. To hold repentance before the mind until the sign of Buddha's presence
annihilates the sin.
Thủ uẩn.
The skandhas which give rise to grasping or desire, which in turn produces the skandhas.
Thụ (Thọ).
Vedanà (S). To receive, be, bear. Perception, knowledge obtained by the senses, feeling,
sensation.
Thụ
báo. Receive the retribution, the reward.
Thụ cụ.
To receive the entire precepts.
Thụ dụng.
Received for use.
Thụ dụng
độ. The realm of Sambhogakayà.
Thụ dụng
thân. The Sambhogakàya, i.e. the functioning glorious body, tự thụ dụng for a
Buddha's own use, or bliss; tha thụ dụng for the spiritual benefit of others.
Thụ giả.
The recipient (e.g. of the rules). The illusory view that the ego will receive reward or
punishment in a future life.
Thụ giới.
To receive or accept the commandments, or rules.
Thụ hưởng.
Sambhoga (S). Enjoyment.
Thụ kí.
To receive from a Buddha predestination (to become a Buddha); the prophecy of a
bodhisattva's future Buddhahood. Also thụ quyết, thụ biệt.
Thụ nghiệp.
Duties of the receiver of the rules; also to receive the results or karma of one's deeds.
Thụ quyết.
Buddha's prediction. Also thụ kí.
Thụ
trì. To receive and retain, or hold on to, or keep (the Buddha's teaching).
Thụ tuế.
To receive, or add, a year to his monastic age, on the conclusion of the summer's retreat.